Diesel fuels should be used for industrial engines that comply with the quality requirements as under Sheets 131.0, 132.1 and 132.3.
In special instances direct-injection engines may be permitted to use diesel fuel with a different grade, if such a fuel fulfills the following minimum requirements:
Minimum requirements diesel fuel for direct-injecting engines |
Properties | Requests | Test method | |||||
DIN | ASTM | IP | |||||
Density | at 15 °C | g/ml | max. | 0,92 | 51757 | D 1298 | 160 |
Viscosity | at 20°C | mm 2 /s | max. | 17 | 51550 | D 445 | 71 |
at 100 °F | mm 2 /s | max. | 9 | ||||
Final boiling point | °C | max. | 390 | ||||
Calorific value (lower) | MJ/kg | min. | 40,8 | 51900 | D 240 | 12 | |
Flash Point | °C | min. | 65 | 51755 | 170 | ||
Carbon residue | percent by weight | max. | 1.5 | 51551 | D 189 | 13 | |
Ash content | percent by weight | max. | 0.02 | 51575 | D 482 | 4 | |
Sulfur content | percent by weight | max. | 1.8 | 51768 | D 1551 | 63 | |
Water content | percent by weight | max. | 0,25 | 51777 | D 1744 | ||
Sediment | percent by weight | max. | 0.05 | D 473 | 53 | ||
Ignition Quality | Cetane number | min. | 40 | 51773 | D 613 | 41 | |
The increase in sulfur content which these grades normally exhibit, requires shorter oil change intervals.
Particularly where diesel fuel with a high sulfur content is used, it is very important that only tested and approved engine oils as under Sheets 228.0/.1/.2/.3 /.5 are used. The higher the grade of oil the easier it is to compensate for the negative effect exhibited because of the sulfur content.
If the fuel has a high viscosity it may be necessary to conduct a fuel preheating operation.
If the density of the diesel fuel is greater than 0.86 g/ml at 15 °C, the injection quantity is to be reduced as follows:
Quantity Reduction for Various Fuel Densities |
Density at 15 °C | Required fuel-quantity reduction |
0,86 | 1.5 |
0,87 | 3.0 |
0,88 | 4.5 |
0,89 | 6.0 |
0,90 | 7.5 |
0,91 | 9.0 |
0,92 | 10.5 |
To this end the injection pump should be removed and readjusted on the injection-pump test bench taking the fuel-quantity reduction into account. This work must be conducted by skilled personnel only.
The fuel precleaner and fuel filter should be checked and cleaned on a more regular basis. In some cases it may be necessary for such diesel-fuel grades to undergo a centrifuging operation beforehand.
It should be pointed out that the use of unfavorable diesel fuel grades will exert a considerable influence on the engine output as well as its service life. If such unfavorable diesel-fuel grades are used it is impossible to achieve the same results as when using excellent diesel-fuel grades. These special cases, i.e. the use of the above fuel grades, must be previously clarified with the Abteilung Betriebsstoffe EP/MOR (EP/MOR Operating Fluids department).