Cylinder head, shown on engine 260 |
A | Inlet side |
B | Exhaust side |
P01.30-2533-76
Delta cylinder head, shown on engine 282 |
A | Inlet side |
B | Exhaust side |
P01.30-2532-76
Overview
This document contains information on:
General
Function
General
The cylinder head closes up the crankcase and combustion chamber toward the top. It comprises the gas exchange component parts and the valve train. Therefore, the main task of the cylinder head is to control the gas exchange. Furthermore, it is responsible for absorbing the compressive forces of the cylinder.
Function
The cylinder head guides fresh air into the intake air system via the intake ports and into the combustion chamber via the intake valves. It carries exhaust gases into the exhaust system via the exhaust gas ports and out of the combustion chamber via the exhaust valves. The gas exchange technology determines the design of the cylinder head. As a cross-flow cylinder head, intake and exhaust gas ports lie on opposite sides of the engine, which makes it easier to seal, among other things. The flow direction runs diagonally and the valves lie parallel with each other.
The cylinder head is designed continuously for the entire cylinder bank. For an inline engine, there is one cylinder head; for a V-engine, there are two cylinder heads.
The material of the cylinder head is an aluminum alloy. Apart from providing a weight advantage, aluminum provides improved thermal conduction from the combustion chamber. Because of high thermal loads and fluctuations in temperature, cavities are milled or cast in the cylinder head. Additionally, to counteract the combustion temperature and in-engine friction, cylinder head cooling ducts for delivering coolant are installed.
The conventional cylinder head is characterized by a cuboid design. A deltoid cylinder head provides weight and stiffness advantages in the cylinder head center. The delta cylinder head is characterized by a high and narrow design with steeply raked flange faces. In particular, for vehicles with transverse installation of the engine, the delta cylinder head provides installation space advantages. The delta cylinder head provides installation spaces, e. g. for exhaust gas aftertreatment, thanks to the elimination of the cylinder head cover and the partial integration of the intake and exhaust manifold. In addition, a free crash length arises downstream of the cooler.
A cylinder head gasket ensures the sealing of the combustion chamber when the cylinder is under pressure and safe transport of engine oil and coolant between the housing and cylinder head.